Navicula aurora is distinguished from N. oblonga by its more elliptical (less linear) valves and straight terminal striae; from N. peregrina by its somewhat protracted ends and finer striae and areolae; from N. reinhardtii by its larger and more rounded (less transverse) central area and finer areolae; from N. sovereignii by its rounded rectangular central area and triangular proximal raphe ends; and from N. vulpina by its somewhat protracted ends and more transverse (less circular) central area.