Stauroneis lauenburgiana belongs to the group of Stauroneis species that have oblong and irregularly spaced areolae. It is the only species in this group with largely linear valves that do not exceed 50 µm in length. Stauroneis livingstonii has linear-elliptic valves but has much finer striae and puncta and deep pseudosepta. Stauroneis baconiana is larger, has linear-lanceolate valves and lacks pseudosepta. Stauroneis siberica has lanceolate valves, finer striae and areolae and lacks pseudosepta.