Staurosira construens, Staurosirella leptostauron, and Fragilariforma horstii do not extend more than the length of the inflated central area toward the ends. Staurosira construens is shorter in length. Staurosirella leptostauron has coarser, wider striae and a wider axial area. Fragilariforma horstii has a greater stria density.