Gomphonema gracile has more more acute apices and a narrow axial area. 

Gomphonema affine has wider valves (7-12 µm). 

Gomphonema insigne has wider valves (7.5-13 µm) and coarser striae (6-8 in 10 µm). 

Gomphonema submehleri has a more strongly clavate valve outline, wider valves (5.2-7.8 µm), and a higher head pole stria density (14-16 in 10 µm).

LM scalebar = 10 µm
Length Range
24.7-43.8 µm
Width Range
4.6-6.3 µm
Striae in 10 µm
10-12 at the valve center, 12-14 at the headpole, 14-15 at the footpole
Gogermanii 1301 44 4
Gogermanii 1166 39 8
Gogermanii 1164 39 7
Gogermanii 945 32 3
Gogermanii 804 27 4
Gogermanii 732 24 9
Gogermanii 1301 44 4 Gogermanii 1166 39 8 Gogermanii 1164 39 7 Gogermanii 945 32 3 Gogermanii 804 27 4 Gogermanii 732 24 9

Gomphonema submehleri

Kociolek and Stoermer 1991

Length Range
24.9-37.2 µm
Width Range
5.2-7.8 µm
Striae in 10 µm
10-12 at the valve center, 14-16 at the head pole, 14-15 at the foot pole
Gomphonema submehleri LM6 Gomphonema submehleri LM5 Gomphonema submehleri LM4 Gomphonema submehleri LM3 Gomphonema submehleri LM2 Gomphonema submehleri LM1

Also compare to

Gomphonema gracile

Ehrenb.

Gomphonema affine

Kütz.

Gomphonema insigne

W.Greg.

Gomphonema submehleri

Kociolek and Stoermer