Stauroneis circumborealis has a broader axial area that is 4-5 times wider than the raphe, rather than 3-4 times wider in S. sonyae. The valve apices of S. sonyae are narrower and more gradually protracted than those of S. circumborealis. Stauroneis heinii has a narrower axial area and stauros than S. sonyae and the valves are more lanceolate with wider apices. Stauroneis sonyae has several features in common with S. medioasiatica, but S. sonyae is larger and has broader valves and narrower apices..