Cocconeis placentula has much finer areolae and striae on the rapheless valve and the raphe valve has a smooth submarginal hyaline area.
Cocconeis disculus also has large coarse areolae on the rapheless valve, but the raphe valve has a smooth submarginal hyaline area. Cocconeis disculus has not yet been confirmed in streams and rivers of California.
BioData Reference
Krammer and Lange-Bertalot 2/4 PL 56 Fig1-13