Diatoms of North AmericaDiatoms of North America

Stauroneis kingstonii

Burge, Marsico and Edlund 2015

Stauroneis Kingstonii Guide
  • Category
    Symmetric Biraphid
  • Length Range
    118.0-186.3 µm
  • Width Range
    14.7–20.1 µm
  • Striae in 10 µm
    11-13

Identification

Stauroneis kingstonii LM1 Stauroneis kingstonii LM2 Stauroneis kingstonii LM4 Stauroneis kingstonii LM5 Stauroneis kingstonii LM6
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Stauroneis kingstonii SEM2 Stauroneis kingstonii SEM1

Description

Valves are narrow and linear-lanceolate, with acutely around apices. The axial area is lanceolate. The central area is a narrowly rectangular stauros, widening near the margins to form a “bowtie” shape. The raphe is lateral, becoming filiform near the ends. The proximal raphe ends are nearly straight and weakly inflated. The distal raphe ends are sickle shaped. The striae are radiate throughout the valve. Areolae are distinct and number 16-20 in 10 µm. Pseudosepta are absent.

Autecology

Stauroneis kingstonii is a taxon only known to epidendric and benthic habitats in Cypress-Tupelo wetlands of the Cache River watershed (Burge et al. 2015). These woodland dominated riverine wetlands were slightly acidic to circumneutral (5.78-7.12) with low to moderate specific conductivity (71.2-537.0 μS) and high nutrients (TN 0.76-7.18 mg/L and TP 0.1-3.9 mg/L). Other diatoms found occurring in greater than 5% abundance with S. kingstonii included; Achnanthes inflata, Diadesmis confervacea, Eolimna tantula, Eunotia bilunaris, E. metamonodon, Frustulia vulgaris, Gomphonema gracile, Humidophila contenta, Lemnicola hungarica, Nitzschia amphibia, and N palea (Burge 2014).

Original Description

Valves linear-lanceolate and relatively narrow with acutely rounded ends. Length 118.0–186.3 μm, breadth 14.7–20.1 μm. Axial area narrow at the apices, widening toward the stauros (Fig. 10). Central area with a rectangular stauros, slightly widening near the valve margins. Shortened striae not observed in the central area. Raphe fissures lateral, proximal endings nearly straight, and distinctly inflated (Fig. 10). Distal raphe ends hooked in a sickle shape toward the secondary side of the valve (Fig. 10). Striae radiate throughout, 11–13 in 10 μm. Areolae within striae distinct, 16–20 in 10 μm. For measurements, n = 44 valves. Pseudo septa were not observed.

  • Author
    Burge, Marsico and Edlund 2015
  • Length Range
    118.0–186.3 µm
  • Width
    14.7–20.1 µm
  • Striae in 10µm
    11-13

Original Images

St Kinst Originalimage
Stuaroneis Kingstonii Originaltext

Cite This Page

Burge, D., Edlund, M. (2015). Stauroneis kingstonii. In Diatoms of North America. Retrieved April 19, 2024, from https://diatoms.org/species/stauroneis_kingstonii

Responses

The 15 response plots show an environmental variable (x axis) against the relative abundance (y axis) of Stauroneis kingstonii from all the stream reaches where it was present. Note that the relative abundance scale is the same on each plot. Explanation of each environmental variable and units are as follows:

ELEVATION = stream reach elevation (meters)
STRAHLER = distribution plot of the Strahler Stream Order
SLOPE = stream reach gradient (degrees)
W1_HALL = an index that is a measure of streamside (riparian) human activity that ranges from 0 - 10, with a value of 0 indicating of minimal disturbance to a value of 10 indicating severe disturbance.
PHSTVL = pH measured in a sealed syringe sample (pH units)
log_COND = log concentration of specific conductivity (µS/cm)
log_PTL = log concentration of total phosphorus (µg/L)
log_NO3 = log concentration of nitrate (µeq/L)
log_DOC = log concentration of dissolved organic carbon (mg/L)
log_SIO2 = log concentration of silicon (mg/L)
log_NA = log concentration of sodium (µeq/L)
log_HCO3 = log concentration of the bicarbonate ion (µeq/L)
EMBED = percent of the stream substrate that is embedded by sand and fine sediment
log_TURBIDITY = log of turbidity, a measure of cloudiness of water, in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU).
DISTOT = an index of total human disturbance in the watershed that ranges from 1 - 100, with a value of 0 indicating of minimal disturbance to a value of 100 indicating severe disturbance.